Published: 2025-11-26

Modern Brain Imaging Methods in the Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorders

Beata Zwierko , Bartosz Mruk , Marietta Bracha , Alina Jaroch , Jerzy Walecki
Wiedza Medyczna
Section: Review papers
DOI https://doi.org/10.36553/wm.174

Abstract

Modern imaging techniques, particularly functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), are increasingly being applied in research on autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The aim of this paper was to review the current literature on brain imaging methods used in the diagnosis of ASD. The significance of advanced neuroimaging techniques - such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional MRI (fMRI), magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), and positron emission tomography (PET) - was discussed, alongside contemporary data analysis approaches, including artificial intelligence and connectome analysis. The use of these tools enables a detailed investigation of both structural and functional brain alterations in individuals with ASD. Among the observed changes are increased amygdala volume, disrupted neural connectivity, and reduced activity in brain regions responsible for social and language processing. When combined with machine learning algorithms, fMRI shows considerable potential as a future diagnostic tool in ASD.

 

Keywords:

autism spectrum disorders, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), brain imaging

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Citation rules

Zwierko, B., Mruk, B. ., Bracha, M., Jaroch, A., & Walecki, J. (2025). Modern Brain Imaging Methods in the Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorders. Wiedza Medyczna, 7(2), 53–66. https://doi.org/10.36553/wm.174

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